Biography of the works of Remarque

Born on June 22 in Osnabruk. He was the second of the five children of the book binding of Peter Franz Remarque and Anna Maria Remarck, in the girlishness of Stalknecht, he entered the church school, and in the Catholic teacher’s seminary. B was drafted into the army, on June 17 he was sent to the Western Front. After the death of his mother, he changed his second name in her honor.

It works as a teacher, and at the end it replaces many professions, including working as a seller of tombstones and a Sunday organist in a chapel at a hospital for mentally ill. In begins to work as an editor in the journal Echo Continental, at the same time, as one of his letters testifies, takes the pseudonym Erich Maria Remarque. In October, he married Ilsa Yutte Zambon, a former dancer.

Yutta suffered from consumption for many years. She became a prototype for several heroines of the works of Remarque, including Pat from the "three comrades." The marriage lasted a little over 4 years, after which they divorced.

However, in Remarque he again made a marriage with Yutta - to help her get out of Germany and get the opportunity to live in Switzerland, where he lived at that time, and later they left for the United States together. Officially, the divorce was issued only to the writer until the end of his life paid Yutta a cash allowance, and also bequeathed to her 50 thousand dollars.

From November to February, his novel “Station on the Horizon” is published in the journal Sport IM Bild, in which he worked at that time. He published his most famous work, “on the Western Front without changes,” describing the cruelty of war from the point of view of a summer soldier. Then several more anti -war works followed; In a simple, emotional language, they realistically described the war and the post -war period.

For this novel, he was nominated for the Nobel Prize, but upon consideration, the Nobel Committee rejected this proposal. The profit from the film and the book allowed the remark to make a decent state, the noticeable part of which he spent on the purchase of paintings by Cezanne, Van Gogh, Gogen and Renoir. The Nazis banned and burned the works of remark. The burning of books-Nazi students accompanied the speech “No, to scribblers who betray the heroes of the world war.

Long live the upbringing of young people in the spirit of genuine historicism! I betray the fire of Erich Maria Remarca. ” There is a legend that the Nazis announced that Remarque allegedly was a descendant of the French Jews, and his real surname is Kramer. This “fact” is still given in some biographies, despite the complete absence of any evidence confirming it. According to data obtained from the writer’s museum in Osnabruk, the German origin and Catholic religion of Remarque never raised doubts.

The propaganda campaign against Remarque was based on a change in the spelling of his surname from Remark to Remarque. This fact was used for statements that a person changing German spelling to French cannot be a real German. The writer met Marlene Dietrich, with whom he had a stormy and painful novel. Many consider Marlene the prototype of the heroine of the “triumphal arch”.

He went to Remarus in the USA, where he received American citizenship. His older sister Elfrid Sholts, who remained in Germany, was arrested for anti -war and anti -Hitler statements in court, she was found guilty and was executed on December 16. There is evidence that the judge announced to her: "Your brother, unfortunately, disappeared from us, but you can’t leave." Remark dedicated her novel “The Spark of Life”, who went to Remarca met the Hollywood actress Poettt Godar, his former wife Charlie Chaplin, who helped him recover after the connection with Dietrich, healed from depression and, as Remarck himself said, “acted positively on him.” Thanks to the improvement of mental health, the writer was able to finish the novel “The Spark of Life” and continue creative activities until the end of his life.

He finally divorced Hutta into Remarck, and he got married in him. In the same year, Remarus returned to Switzerland, where he lived the rest of his life. They stayed with the Poettt until his death. Remarus played the role of Polman in the film post of the same name by his own novel "Time to Live and Time to die." In a delegation from his hometown, the writer handed him an honorary medal.

Three years later, in the German ambassador to Switzerland handed him the Order of Germany despite the assignment of these awards, German citizenship was never returned to him. In, to the seventy -year anniversary of the writer, the city of Ascon in which he lived made him his honorary citizen. Remarck died on September 25 in the city of Locarno and was buried in the Swiss cemetery in Ronko in Kanton Tichino.

Poletta Hodar, who died twenty years later, was buried next to him. Detailed biography.