Biography Life

Sergius of Radonezh, according to his testimony, in the city of once, this family was rich, but then impoverished and, escaping from the persecution of the servants of Ivan Kalita, at the age of seven Bartholomew began to teach literacy at a church school, and the teaching was given to him with difficulty. He grew up a quiet and thoughtful boy, who gradually arose a decision to leave the world and devote his life to God.

His parents themselves accepted the tonsure in the Monastery at the Kotkovo monastery. There, the vow of monasticism was accepted by his older brother Stefan. Bartholomew, bequeathing the property to his younger brother Peter, went in Khotkovo and began to monitor under the name of Sergius. The brothers decided to leave the monastery and set in the forest, ten miles from it with a cell.

Together they cut off the church and consecrated it in honor of Holy near G. Stefan could not stand the hardships and went to the Moscow Epiphany monastery, leaving Sergius alone. For Sergius, a period of severe trials began. His solitude lasted about two years, and then monks began to flock to him. They built twelve cells, surrounded the fence. So in G.

he led the monastery, but this leadership had nothing to do with the authorities in the usual, secular sense of the word. As stated in Life, Sergius was for everyone a “precisely bought slave”. He chopped the cells, dragged the logs, performed difficult work, performing to the end a vow of monastic poverty and service to his neighbor. Once he ended in food, and he, having hungry for three days, went to the monk of his monastery to a certain Daniel.

He was about to attach the canopy to his cell and was waiting for carpenters from the village. And so the Humanizer invited Daniel to do this work. Daniil was frightened that Sergius would ask him a lot, but he agreed to work for rotten bread, which was no longer possible. Sergius worked all day, and in the evening Daniel "I advanced him a sieve of rotten bread." Also, according to life, he "enjoyed every occasion to get the monastery where he found it necessary." According to one contemporary, Sergius could act on the most rugged and fierce hearts with “quiet and meek words”; Very often reconciled the princes of warring among themselves.

In the city of Dmitry Donskoy, he sent him to Nizhny Novgorod to draw his quarreling princes. On the way, in passing, Sergius found time to arrange a wasteland in the wilderness of Gorokhovetsky district in a swamp on the Klyazma River and erect the temple of the Holy Trinity. He settled there "the elders of the desert hermits, and they ate basts and mowed hay." He put his students in all these monastery.

According to life, Sergius of Radonezh committed many miracles. People came to him from different cities for healing, and sometimes even to just see him. According to Life, once he resurrected a boy who died in the arms of his father when he carried the child to the saint for healing. Having reached a deep old age, Sergius, after half a year, he called his death, called for his brethren and blessed the abbess of the experienced in the spiritual life and obedience of the student, the Monk Nikon.

Sergius died on September 25, this happened during the life of people who knew him. A case that is never repeated. After 30 years, July 5 G. Therefore, this day is one of the days of the memory of the saint. The remains of Sergius were found in the form of bones, hair and fragments of a rude monastic robe in which he was buried. Pavel Florensky became aware of the upcoming opening of relics, and with his participation to protect the relics from the possibility of complete destruction, the head of St.

Sergius was secretly separated from the body and replaced by the head of Prince Trubetskoy buried in the laurel. Before the return of the relics, the head of the Monk Sergius was stored separately. In gg. Currently, the relics of St. Sergius are in the Trinity Cathedral of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Sergius of Radonezh embodied the idea of ​​a dormitory monastery in Rus'.

Earlier, the monks, going to the monastery, continued to own property. Poor and rich monks met. Naturally, the poor soon became services with more wealthy brothers. This, according to Sergius, contradicted the very idea of ​​the monastery fraternity, equality, aspiration to God. Therefore, in his Trinity Monastery, founded near Moscow near Radonezh, Sergius of Radonezh forbade monks to have private property.

They had to give their wealth to the monastery, which became, as it were, a collective owner. Property, in particular the land, were needed, only for the monks who devoted themselves to prayer to eat something to eat. As we see, Sergius of Radonezh was guided by the highest thoughts and fought with monastic wealth. Pupils of Sergius became the founders of many monasteries of this type.

However, in the future, hostel monasteries became the largest land owners, which, by the way, had a great movable wealth - money, precious things obtained as contributions to commemorate the soul.

The Trinity-Sergius Monastery under Vasily II Dark received an unprecedented privilege: its peasants did not have the right to transition to Yuryev day-so, on a scale of one monastery estate, serfdom first appeared in Rus'. Cover: Sergey Kirillov.The second part of the Holy Rus' trilogy.