Biography is short Mussorgsky

Modest Mussorgsky. A brief biography of Modest Mussorgsky - biography of Modest Mussorgsky - the most popular of Russian composers, was part of a “mighty pile”. Boris Godunov brought him real glory. Modesta Mussorgsky is not in vain called the original Russian composer. He created under the impression of domestic folklore and historical traditions, while flatly refused to follow the canons of Western music.

His works are a unique national flavor in which the whole uniqueness and identity of the Russian person, the power of his character and the strength of the soul are clearly expressed. Although it was precisely this identity that the contemporaries of the great composer did not appreciate, the real popularity of his work was obtained only in the M century. If Mussorgsky wrote only one opera - “Boris Godunov”, he would have remained in the history of Russian music as the creator of the “original Russian work”.

But in his short life, he managed to work in a variety of genres, write several orchestral plays, romances, many songs, vocal and piano music. It was there that he was born on March 9, in a wealthy family of landowners, descendants of the Smolensk princes. Their ancestors were the ancient princes of Rurikovich. The father of the future composer was called Peter Mussorgsky, he is an employee in the St.

Petersburg Senate. The paternal grandfather-Alexei Mussorgsky, once served in the Arkhangelogorod Infantry Regiment, resigned as a second of second-major. He owned the large estate of the Karevo Toropetsky district, which he inherited to his son Peter. After Peter inherited this estate, he left his service, took Julia Chirikova from the neighboring village of Naumovo as his wife.

Her father is also a military man in the past. Modest Mussorgsky in his youth at the time of the birth of Modest in the family, the eldest son Filaret was already growing. The Mussorgsky family was quite wealthy, so the childhood of Modest passed as in a fairy tale. He had a nanny who, from an early age, read Russian fairy tales and sang folk songs, which influenced the formation of love for folk customs and traditions.

Mom was engaged in classical music with him, taught him to play the piano. At the age of seven, Modest already played quite complex plays for piano, improvised a lot, adding his own melodies to them. When the Mussorgsky was ten years old, he began his studies at the German School of Petrishul in St. Petersburg, where he was sent with his brother. Modest continued to make music there, his first teacher was the famous pianist Anton Hercu.

In Mussorgsky, Mussorgsky could already boast of the first play for the piano, written with his own hands. Parents were very flattered by the success of their son, but they did not even want to think that he would connect his biography with music. They themselves belonged to the military family, so they believed that the son would continue the family tradition, and would follow in the footsteps of his grandfathers.

The family council decided to continue the training of Modest at the school of guards officers, where the main place was given discipline and severity. Mussorgsky obeyed the regime reigning in this institution, but did not abandon the music. On the contrary, congenital talent and acquired skills to compose music, quickly helped him get comfortable in new realities, find friends, speak at all the festive events that were organized at school.

It was in those years that the future great composer was addicted to alcohol, which poured a river and accompanied the revelry student life of that time. In M, the Guards School was left behind, military service loomed ahead. The military career began for Mussorgsky in the St. Petersburg Preobrazhensky regiment. Thanks to living in the capital, the musician has many acquaintances among the military and creative elite.

A little time passed, and Mussorgsky already on an ongoing basis attended parties, which was held in his house by composer Alexander Dargomyzhsky. At the same time, he has new friends - Alexander Borodin, Vladimir Stasov, Mili Balakirev, Caesar Kui - famous Russian cultural figures. It was Balakirev that took on the role of the teacher of Mussorgsky, he took up his musical education, especially since Modest announced his intention to leave military service in order to completely surrender to his beloved occupation - music.

The music of the great composer began with the fact that he shifted symphonic works, and thus honed the skills and skills of writing and arrangements. As work, Mussorgsky understands that he lacks a scope, that his fantasies are crowded in small genres, and soon he comes to the conclusion that the opera needs to be written. Before that, his sonata for the piano, the play “Shamil March” and two scherzos for the orchestra came out.

For three years, the composer wrote the work of Mussorgsky, guided by the motives of the tragedy “King Oedipus” Sophocles, then tried to put Flaubert to the music of Salambo, then switched to Gogol’s work, worked on the plot “Night on the eve of Ivan Kupala”.As the fragments are writing, the composer was disappointed in his writings, and then completely lost all interest in them, so not one of these works was brought to a logical conclusion.

In years, Mussorgsky began to experiment with genres, set to write songs on the poems of Russian poets. The most popular works of this series were “King Saul”, “The Song of the Elder”, “Calistrate”. It was from these songs that folk traditions on topical social topics began to be traced in his work, they were endowed with a kind of drama. After that, Mussorgsky set about genre romances-“Song of Yarema”, “Svetik-Savishna”, “Seminarist”, who became unusually popular among the listeners, although they were perceived far from unambiguously.

In M, the composer presented his new brainchild - the symphony “Ivanova Night on Lysya Gora”, which, in theory, was conceived as a choir. The Mussorgsky circle at that time enters a circle called “Mighty Pile”, he has new friends among colleagues-composers, sharing his fascination with national traditions. The political situation in the country has changed, so in the air the “smell” with new trends that were reflected in the subtle soul of the musician.

He had a desire to realize the dramatic events of the past and the present in music, to show the development of historical moments in Rus'. The participants of the mug “Mighty Pile” tried to tie creativity and reality as much as possible, resorted to the use of non -traditional forms. And as a result of searching for Mussorgsky, it was possible to write “marriage”, the work that the author himself called the “conversational opera”.

It was like a warm -up of the great composer before proceeding with a monumental work, namely the opera Boris Godunov.

Modest began to write her in the year, and the Pushkin plot went to the music so easily that literally in a year he wrote a clavier and finished his work on the main party. It is also interesting that Mussorgsky was considering his future works for a very long time, therefore, when he sat down to write music, he never used drafts. In accordance with the historical and poetic idea, the composer took two topics as a basis-the fate of an individual and the fate of the whole people, did not use solo numbers, replacing them with large-scale choral scenes.

That is why the opera "Boris Godunov" did not like the leadership of the Mariinsky Theater, and the premiere in the m did not take place. Together with his associates, the composer begins to process his work. In a short period of time, he made changes to the plot and introduced several new images. Mussorgsky managed to put a fat point in the final of the opera, in the form of a mass folk scene.

Naturalistic images, coloring of characters, many folklore songs are the main characteristics of the opera Boris Godunov, thanks to which it is considered unsurpassed. Modest Mussorgsky received well -deserved fame and honor. In February, the premiere of the opera took place in St. Petersburg. Success after the premiere was overshadowed by unjustified criticism, which was distributed to the composer, but Mussorgsky did not pay attention to her.

Inspired by the public reaction to his work, he set to write a new work. This time he was interested in the bloody Streltsky riots. Modest called his new brainchild “Khovanshchina”. Unlike the previous work, the work moved much slower than its creator wanted. Mussorgsky wanted to have a lot, so in parallel with Khovanshchina he was engaged in other projects, was distracted to write romances and songs, which later entered the collection under the name "Children's".

Among his works were the plays for the piano, united in the collection "Pictures from the exhibition." By the middle of the X, the composer suspended work on Khovanshchina, and began to create the vocal cycle “Songs and Dance of Death”. Then he introduced his colleagues to sketches to another opera, which was given the name "Sorochinsky Fair." For the next few years, the modest rushed between the spelling of the two operas begun.

His financial situation became critical, the composer was on the verge of poverty. This very slowed the work, it oppressed it not only physically, but also mentally. In m, with the help of friends, Mussorgsky toured Russia, in addition, the fund appeared in his support. Thanks to this, the composer lasted another two years, but he could not finish Khovanshchina and Sorochinsky Fair.

They may be familiar.