Biography of Leonov Alexei

Latest news Biography Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov-test pilot, astronaut, first earthling who went into outer space. According to experts, the contribution of the astronaut to the development of astronautics was no less important than the achievement of Yuri Gagarin. Childhood and youth was born Alexey on May 30 in the village of Listvyanka. His grandfather was sent here for participating in the revolutionary events of the GO, a little later the boy’s parents who had previously lived in the Donbass moved to Siberia.

The father of Leonov Arkhip Alekseevich had to change the profession of Shakhtar to a peasant share. Mother Evdokia Minaevna worked as a teacher. There were many children in the family, the future explorer of space space was the 8th child in a row. Happiness and calm life violated Stalinist repressions. In the head of the family, a respected man, the chairman of the village council, was arrested on a false charges.

The authorities deprived his wife and children deprived of their property and kicked out of the house, and the children were forbidden to go to school. Fortunately, Leonov Sr. managed to survive in the camps, and in M ​​Pope Alexei was rehabilitated and returned home. By that time, Evdokia Minaevna, desperate to feed the children alone, moved to Kemerovo to her eldest daughter.

That one had a small room in the hut, where a large family huddled for about a year. After a while, the father of Alexei returned, and Leonov slowly began to rise to their feet. At first they allocated 2 more rooms in the same hut, and in M ​​Arkhip Alekseevich was appointed to a new place of work in Kaliningrad, where they moved. By the will of fate, Little Alyosha went to school only at 9 years in Kemerovo.

Here the child was carried away by drawing. The student graduated from high school already in Kaliningrad. By the time the certificate was obtained in M, the graduate quite mastered the device of aircraft engines, aircraft and flight theory. The young man received this knowledge, counting on the abstracts of the older brother who once studied on aviation equipment.

Alexey submitted documents to the Riga Academy of Arts, but, having learned that the hostel has been provided only from the 3rd year of study, left the 1st year. After failure with the Academy, the applicant entered the primary aviation school in Kremenchug, where the Komsomol set was held. At the end of the institution, the young pilot continued his studies at the Higher Chuguev Aviation School, where he received the specialty of a fighter pilot.

Since the years, Alexei Arkhipovich served in the Yvardoy Aviation Division of the Kyiv Military District, and later Leonov was enrolled in the group of Soviet troops in Germany. Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov in the fall of a go native of a large family was destined to once again abruptly change fate. At the first qualifying commission at the Center for the Training of Cosmonauts of the CPC in Sokolniki, the future conqueror of the Universe first met with Yuri Gagarin, with whom he was subsequently connected by strong friendship.

Next followed by CPC courses and countless training. In m, the design bureau, led by Sergey Korolev, began to build a new spaceship, which allowed to enter the airless space. It became "Sunrise-2." 2 crews were prepared for the flight. The historical flight and the first exit of a person into space took place on March 18. The first exit to the open space of the ship from Baikonur was successful, and then the flight took place as usual.

It was planned that Vostok-2 should make 17 turns around the Earth. At the second round, the pupil of the Chuguevsky Aviation School was supposed to go into the airless space through a special gateway. So everything happened. The captain of the space vessel Belyaev remained on board. Leonov spent 12 minutes 9 seconds in open space. The scientist was shot 2 static cameras, another camera was in his hands.

Along with the enthusiasm of what Alexei Arkhipovich, an unpleasant sensation, also enthusiastically and the significance of a perfect feat. The spacesuit was unbearably hot, sweat flooded with his eyes, tachycardia began, the temperature rose. When returning to the ship, there were also problems. It was impossible to squeeze the spacesuer from his stay in the vacuum, and it was impossible to squeeze into the hole of the lock chamber.

He had to defend pressure so that the volume of the costume would return to normal. Given that his hands were occupied by a camera and a safety cable, it was not easy. Alexey Leonov in space finally Alexei Leonov fell into the lock compartment, but then another trouble was waiting for him. When disconnecting the gateway camera, the ship depressurized. It was possible to solve this problem with the supply of oxygen, as a result of which the crew began to oversatuity.

Having coped with problems, the astronauts prepared to automatically land in the standard mode, but it was not there. The ship was supposed to be reduced on the ground around the Earth, but the system failed. Pavel Belyaev had to urgently take control. The captain met 22 seconds, but this time difference was enough for the crew to land 75 km from the planned place.

This happened in a km from Perm, in the taiga, which very difficult to work search engines.After 4 hours of stay in the cold, the conquerors of the universe were discovered by rescuers. The heroes were helped to get to the nearest wooden house in the forest, then they cleared the platform for planting a helicopter.

Only after 2 days, Alexei Leonov and his colleagues were safely evacuated and transported to Moscow. For a successful operation and at the same time courage and heroism, the first person in open space on March 23 was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Golden Star medal. In addition to the scientific activity of Leonov, a hobby is also known as an artist.

In adulthood, he found time for drawing, which he was fond of in childhood. Alexey Arkhipovich is the author of paintings and 5 albums with reproductions. Among his works are space and earth landscapes, portraits of friends, fantastic plots. The author loved to work with oil, watercolor and Dutch gouache. It is impossible not to mention that the test pilot wrote icons. In m, he finished work on the icon of the Mother of God "Az is with you, and no one on you." She became the first in his creative biography, as well as the first sacred way created by the astronaut.

Personal life Alexei Arkhipovich met the future wife Svetlana in a m. Three days after meeting, they got married so as not to part. In marriage, Leonov had 2 children. The eldest daughter Victoria - passed away from a serious illness. The woman worked in the main department of the sea fleet, and returning from a business trip to America, suddenly felt bad. Parents took the heiress to the metropolitan doctors, but they could not help.

The patient died of severe hepatitis complicated by pneumonia. The youngest daughter of Leonova Oksana was born in metro. Her personal life was better than that of her sister. The successor of Alexei Arkhipovich lives with her husband in Los Angeles. The couple have 2 children - Daniel and Karina. The death of Alexei Leonov on October 11, the scientist died in the year of his life.

The discoverer spent the last hours in the Nikolai Burdenko hospital. The cause of the death of a test pilot, according to the Ren-TV channel, was acute heart failure. Earlier, Russian media reported that in recent years the deceased was seriously ill. His friend arrived to say goodbye to Alexei Arkhipovich and colleague Thomas Stafford, an astronaut, who visited the moon, commander of the Apollo mission.

Memory in M ​​in Kemerovo has opened an international airport, which bears the name of the explorer of space space. In M, the premiere of the film “Time of the First”, dedicated to the exploits and everyday life of Soviet astronautics, took place. Cosmos inside ”, dedicated to life and the formation of the great conqueror of the Universe. The tape was presented in Yerevan as part of the Starmus VI scientific and educational festival.

On Russian screens, she appeared in early May on the air of Channel One. In particular, in the Moscow Museum of Cosmonautics, lectures were held for two weeks dedicated to the vocabulary of Alexei Arkhipovich, quests and quizzes on space themes, and showing documentary and feature films. The ribbons “Cosmos inside”, “On the very edge” and “Time of the first” were also shown by the main television channel of the country.

And directly on the birthday of Leonov, on May 30, Roscosmos launched a Soyuz missile to the ISS, which carries the Progress MS ship with more than 2.5 tons of cargo to ensure the operation of the station. The side of the rocket was decorated with a portrait of the space pioneer. In addition, he created scripts for the paintings “Loop of Orion” and “The story of my friend”. Alexey Arkhipovich - gentleman of dozens of domestic and foreign awards, orders and medals.

Leonov became an honorary citizen of several cities in the world, was a member of the International Academy of Astronautics. Until the GO test pilot served as president of the Alfa Capital investment fund, then became the vice president of Alfa-Bank. During the first flight to the space space, Alexei Leonov gave the call sign “Almaz-2” “Almaz-1” was worn by Belyaev.