Brief biography of Tanya Savicheva

Tanya Savicheva is a biography of Tanya Savicheva - a Soviet schoolgirl, the author of the diary in the notebook, which she led since the beginning of the blockade of Leningrad. Savicheva’s diary was presented at the Nuremberg process as a document accusing fascism. Playing a curl on his head, a surprisingly bright face, and some kind of childish look at all-such a world was remembered by Tanya Savicheva, who was forever remaining a twelve-year-old girl from the blockade Leningrad.

With her childish hand, losing the last forces from hunger, she kept a diary, wrote very sparingly, nervously, only stated the dates of the arrival of death to her, gradually claimed all her relatives. She left behind nine records dictated by death. The girl’s mother did not want to give birth in Leningrad, a month before the due date she left for the village of Dvorishchi to her sister Kapitolin, whose husband worked in the same village of a doctor.

It was he who gave birth to Maria, Tanina Mom. She was the youngest, fifth child in a family where two daughters were already brought up - Eugene and Nina, and two sons - Leonid Lyok and Mikhail. All children grew up in Leningrad, therefore, in some sources, the city on the Neva mistakenly indicates as the birthplace of the youngest, the fifth child in the family.

Mom gave birth to Tanya at 41, the dad by that time was fulfilled in the family of eight children, but Scarlatin took the life of three of them in the year. Father was a small entrepreneur, in M, he and his three siblings organized an artel for baking bread and the manufacture of cakes. The Savichevs also owned a cinema in the "Sands". Tanya was very tiny when the family was dispossessed, all property was taken away, and sent under the meadow, to the th reghys of a kilometer.

The experiences from what happened shortened the eyelids of the family, he died of cancer when Tanya was six years old. Tanya Savicheva, at the age of 6, with her sister, after some time, the Savichevs received permission to return to Leningrad, they settled in their former apartment on Vasilievsky Island. It seems to be everything, but the children could not count on obtaining higher education, the path to the institute was closed to them.

However, family members are not used to losing weight. Mom began to take orders at home, like a seamstress, one brother of his father worked as a director in the Bukinist store, all other adult members of the family, with the exception of grandmother, worked at Leningrad factories. The Savichevs perfectly owned musical instruments, sang perfectly. In M, Savicheva graduated from the third grade, and moved to the fourth.

The blockade after the end of the third grade, my mother gathered with Tatyana in the courtyard for the whole summer. The rest of the children and the husband had to join them, as far as possible, on vacation. The next day, grandmother Evdokia Grigoryevna celebrated her birthday, she “hit” her and on the same day the war began, which crossed out the biography of Tanya into two parts, before and after.

Tanya Savicheva and his sister and brother on July 9, the Nazis occupied Pskov, and Mikhail never reached the family. For two years, the Savichevs thought that he died. In fact, he ended up with the partisans, and returned to the city on the Neva only after the victory. In the same way, the family did not know anything about the fate of Nina, who in the winter was evacuated along with other factory workers.

The first victim of the blockade in the Savichev family was Zhenya, who lived next to Litein Prospekt. She worked at the factory, and due to the lack of workers, the girl had to stay on two shifts, and get a meager ration for this. In addition, Eugene was a donor, donated blood. The day of his sister's death was the starting point of keeping a diary. Tanya made her first entry, a kind of stated death.

The girl kept her diary in the notebook of the eldest sister Nina, in which there was an alphabetical indicator. When Zhenya died, the schoolgirl celebrated this event on the page with the letter “g”, but as his grandmother was gone, the record appeared on the page with the letter “b”. One by one, all the members of the Savichev family were dying, who remained in the besieged Leningrad and Tanya recorded the date and time of their death in her diary.

These notes, dry, laconic, as in the morgue, do not convey any emotions of the girl. Apparently from hunger and suffering, she no longer had anything left in her soul, only emptiness and loneliness. And when my mother died on May 13, Tanya lost all hope, and made the final record in the diary: “Everyone died of the Savichevs. There was only one Tanya. ” The pages from Tanya Savicheva’s diary were left alone, without help and protection, Tanya took the most valuable from the house - the box in which her mother’s jewelry was stored, as well as evidence of the death of all family members and their photographs, and went to her cousin.

Evdokia Arsenyeva, living on the street of the proletarian dictatorship, briefly sheltered an orphan, even issued guardianship over it, but when she went to work, she put the girl out into the street. And then, two months later, she gave her to the orphanage. The death in August Savichev may be familiar with the yu other pupils of the orphanage, finally removed from Leningrad. She ended up in the village of Shatka Gorky region.Tanya was the only one among all the children who found tuberculosis.

In March, Go Savichev was in the house of the disabled, by the end of May she was hospitalized in a local hospital, but it was not possible to save the child’s life. Tanya Savicheva's heart stopped on July 1. She was buried in a cemetery in shakles. Now this day is celebrated as Savicheva's Day. Shortly before his death, the girl was blinded, she needed constant care.

Anna Zhurkin was assigned to Tanya, who was with her until the last, and after her death, she looked after the girl’s grave for many years. He was transferred to the Museum of the History of Leningrad, where it is still stored. And the records made by an unsteady children's hand were carved on marble steles located on the territory of the memorial complex called “Flower of Life”.

The location of the complex is the Vsevolozhsk district of the Leningrad region. He is as laconic as the diary of the schoolgirl herself, who was in the will of fate in the besieged city. The writer only made minor additions to Savicheva’s entry, sparingly explained the degree of kinship with her everyone who is mentioned in her diary. Alekseev also said that the girl died in evacuation, without specifying all the details of her death, facts of biography and personal life.

Another prose writer - Valery Voskobobonikov, dedicated his story to the girl, named her name and surname. Unlike the previous author, Voskoboynikov vividly walked on the facts of the death of each family member, and also remembered the red cat Barsik, who lived with the Savichevs in the blockade Leningrad. Only one member of the family has absolutely no mention of one member - about Mikhail, who returned to his hometown after the victory.

Perhaps I just forgot, or maybe did not know about its existence. Its author, Yuri Yakovlev, called his work “Passion for four girls. And before that, the same Yakovlev released a book about the girl-blocker, called "Girls from the Vasilievsky Island." The basis of this story was the memories of Savicheva Leningradka Vali Zaitseva. In m, the director Alexander Efimov presented his documentary about Savicheva.

He called his Lena "Blockery Diary of Tanya Savicheva." The name of the little girl, the victim of the blockade, is assigned to the mountain passage of Kazakhstan and the heavenly luminary, an asteroid. Interesting facts in the year removed an art tape called “Once upon a time, there was a girl”, the plot of which is dedicated to the feat of small residents of the besieged Leningrad.

The roles of the main characters went to Natalya Obipina and Nina Ivanova. The name of Tatyana Savicheva and the pages of her tragic fate were then unknown to anyone. For this reason, there is not a single mention of it in the tape. In the post -war years, a composition called “Ballad of Tanya Savicheva”, written by composer Evgeny Doga and the author of verses by Viktor Green, became popular.

She was performed by Edita Pieha. The first line of this work sounds like “My countrywoman Savicheva Tanya, I'm sorry that she did not come to you with flowers”, although not one of the people involved in her creation and performance can not be called fellow countrymen of a brave girl. If Tanya managed to cure tuberculosis, perhaps she would have lived the same long life as her sister Nina, who died at the age of 94.

The namesake of the Leningrad Blockade - Tanya Vassoevich, also recorded the events of that time. And her diary turned out to be the real chronicle of those difficult times. The girl described in all details every day, in addition, she painted pictures in the fields. Tanya Vassoevich was more fortunate, she went into evacuation in the spring. This saved her life, and helped to survive to old age.