Brief biography of Svirids

It is his melodies “Time, forward! Probably, this is the insight of fate - in the past century there was no composer, whose work is so much connected with Russia, its original culture and spiritual foundations. His music, filled with moral purity, greatly affects the feelings of the listeners, enlightening them, but most importantly, it encourages a person to believe in his own forces.

A brief biography of Sviridov on December 3 The city of the Kursk region in the family of a telegram and a teacher was born, the parents had peasant roots and could not even imagine that their son, George Vasilievich Sviridov, will become one of the most famous composers of Russia. Children's years called the future musician, began to play on the balalaika, and then a capable child was accepted into the orchestra of folk instruments.

Teachers of the music school recommended the young man to continue education in Leningrad. According to the biography of Sviridov from their light hand in the year, Yura enters the music college. After - to the conservatory, where he was lucky enough to become a student of D. However, the relationship of Sviridov with his great teacher was far from cloudless.

He even threw the conservatory in the last year, without returning to classes after the defeat, which Shostakovich made him six songs to the words of A. The communication between the composers resumed only a few years later. In the summer of Svirids, the musicians fall into soldiers, but by the end of the same year, poor health does not allow to continue the service.

It is impossible to return to the besieged Leningrad, where the mother and sister remained, and before the departure of the blockade, he works in Novosibirsk. In the year, Sviridov moves to the capital. In Moscow, he leads a rich public life, occupying leading posts in the Union of Composers. While still a student, the composer marries the pianist Valentina Tokareva, their son Sergey is born in them.

The marriage did not last long, already in the year Sviridov leaves the family to young Aglaia Kornienko. After 4 years, he again becomes the father of his son, George Jr., immediately after the birth of which he moves to his third wife Elsa Gustavovna Crazer. Georgy Vasilievich survived both his sons. Sergei committed suicide at 16, after which Sviridov had the first heart attack.

Georgy Georgievich died on December 30 from a chronic disease. The composer did not recognize this tragic news - the wife was going to inform him of her when he got stronger after a recent heart attack. This did not happen - a week after the death of his youngest son, on January 6, Sviridov was gone. Interesting facts about Sviridov did not have direct descendants left.

Elsa Gustavovna died four months after him. The son of his sister, art critic Alexander Belonenko, is engaged in all the creative heritage of Sviridov. He created the National Sviridov Fund and Sviridov Institute. He published the book "Music as Fate", compiled on the basis of the diaries that the composer has been conducted since the end of the 10ths.

This publication was declared a book of the year. The first full notogafic reference book of the works of Sviridov was compiled, unreleased musical texts were restored. The publication of the full works of G. Sviridov in 30 volumes has begun. Sviridov named the eldest son in honor of Sergei Yesenin. The youngest son George Georgievich was the largest specialist in medieval Japanese prose.

In the year he was invited to work in Japan. For him, this became literally salvation-due to chronic renal failure, he needed regular hemodialysis, which was done in Japan for free. Vasily Grigoryevich Sviridov, the father of the composer, died under tragic circumstances. During the First World War, it was mistakenly chopped by the Red Army saber, taking the form of a postal employee for the White Guard.

Tamara's younger sister was born after the death of her father. Georgy Vasilievich, unlike many of his contemporary colleagues, was not a wealthy person. For example, he did not have his cottage, living on the state, and the piano, standing at his house, rented composers from the Union. Georgy Vasilievich was an encyclopedically educated person. His home library totaled more than 2.5 thousand books - from ancient playwrights to Soviet writers.

He was well versed in painting and sculpture. There are memories of eyewitnesses how he conducted an excursion in the halls of Turner's canvases in the London art gallery. In rehearsal work and in the daily life of the Svirids, he was sharp and authoritarian, he did not tolerate unprofessionalism and unprincipledness. At the end of his life, the composer regretted that he did not write the opera, because he mistakenly believed that this genre has exhausted itself.

However, the two operettes of Sviridov, "the sea spread widely" and "lights", were very popular.The crisis of the year, which followed the resolution of the Politburo on the Opera "Great Friendship" by V. Muradeli, also affected Sviridov, although his surname did not appear in the decision. The main formalist was announced by his teacher - D. Shostakovich, whose students also fell into disgrace, accompanied by an information vacuum, the lack of orders for works and the ability to execute them.

It was a time when a lot was written "in the table." One of the most successful and significant works of the composer, the "pathetic oratorio", divorced Sviridov and Shostakovich. Dmitry Dmitrievich did not like Mayakovsky, and in the presence of other musicians criticized the idea of ​​a work on his poems. Most of the composer public supported Shostakovich's opinion.

Attempts were made to block the award of the Lenin Prize. However, the work was highly appreciated by the Prize Commission and personally M. Suslov, thanks to which the composer nevertheless became the Lenin Laureate. But this is an absentee confrontation, as well as subsequent creative discrepancies for many years, cooled the relationship of composers. Nevertheless, shortly before the death of Sviridov, he admitted that from all the music of the 20th century he sincerely loved only Shostakovich's music.

Sviridov’s biography says that the composer was a passionate book lover and fisherman. He was never published and preserved only in the composer’s personal archive. Of all the composers of the Svirids, he put Mussorgsky and Borodin for their unconditional adherence to the canons of Russian folk and spiritual musical tradition. A few months before his death, the composer became an honorary citizen of Moscow.

In Kursk, the only monument in the world has been erected since the year in the Fatezh House where the composer was born, his memorial museum was created. The work of George Sviridov, unlike his teacher and idol, D. Shostakovich, Georgy Vasilyevich, was by no means a "wormerkind". From the biography of Sviridov, we learn that his first works are dated years - these plays for piano and romances on poetry A.

The great poet will be destined for many years to become a companion of the composer's work. It is the music to the Pushkin "blizzard" will become the most famous of his works. She will become his "trap" - no later works were performed as often, it was she who preferred the listeners. For a composer who professes classical musical forms, the choice of the main creative direction was also unconventional - vocal music, song, romance.

Although the sonatas and the piano trio, awarded the Stalin Prize, were written, and the music for dramatic performances, and even the only symphony. But it was Pushkin’s romances who changed the life of the summer novice composer. Sviridov wrote them both in the noisy hostel of the musical college and in his own house, sick and hungry in St. Petersburg, stronger and touched by maternal warmth in Kursk.

The romances were immediately published, and in the year of the century of death of the poet, many outstanding singers were fulfilled. The composer was inspired by poets of the first magnitude - Lermontov, Tyutchev, Pasternak, R. Berns, Shakespeare. He laid on the music and the syllable of Mayakovsky, and even Gogol's prose. Perhaps the most beloved and close to him were Sergey Yesenin and Alexander Blok.

Starting with the vocal cycle "I have a father of a peasant" and the vocal-symphonic poem "Memory of S. Yesenin", written in the year, Sviridov constantly uses Yesenin verses to create their works. Almost just as often he turns to the poetry of Blok, whom he considered the prophet of his country. Among the works: “Voice from the choir”, the “Petersburg songs” cycle, the cantata “Night Clouds” and the last large -scale work, the creation of which took 20 years - the vocal poem “Petersburg”.

The composer finished this essay, knowing that he would entrust his first performance by D. Premiere’s young baritone in London in the year. In the years, the singer released two disks of Sviridov works. For many years, Muzo Sviridov was E. Obraztsova, with whom several romance concerts were made, where the composer personally accompanied the singer, recorded records.

Sviridov was a noticeable direction of the work of Sviridov. This is “five choirs to the words of Russian poets”, and the Kantata “Kursk Songs” based on folklore sources, awarded the state of state, and the most famous “Pushkin wreath”. The author designated the genre of this work as a choral concert. A wreath is one and symbols of life itself with its cycle of seasons, the cyclicity of birth and death.

Thoughts and feelings, external and internal, are woven in it.