Bank of Russia Biography

Support measures during the coronavirus Anti-crisis measures of the Bank of Russia Long-term savings program Central Bank of the Russian Federation-the main issuing and monetary regulator of the country in the year, Russian Emperor Alexander II signed a decree on the formation of the State Bank. Thus began the history of the Bank of Russia. In the first years, the State Bank was mainly engaged in short -term commercial lending.

But historical events made their adjustments. In the years of the twentieth century, the bank took an active part in the revival of the country's financial system, the development of commodity-money relations. In the difficult years of the First World and Great Patriotic War, his activities were concentrated on covering military spending, supplying troops and the population with money.

In the Soviet Union, the State Bank was a system of planned lending to the economy, issued cash, conducted international calculations. In difficult for the country, the bank did everything possible to maintain the stability of the economy, created a system of currency regulation and control. Following traditions and actively introducing innovations, today the Bank of Russia is a high -tech megaregulator, which is responsible for the stability of the entire financial system of the country.

According to the charter, he was supposed to contribute to the "revival of trade turnover and the strengthening of the money credit system." The building of the State Bank in St. Petersburg from Sadovaya Street. Open letter. Until a year, his first manager was the famous banker, entrepreneur and philanthropist Alexander Ludwigovich Stiglitz. Baron Alexander Ludwigovich Stiglitz - the manager of the State Bank in the years, the balance of the State Bank amounted to 5 million rubles.

Credit operations accounted for 45.8 million rubles, and the gold supply amounted to 81.7 million rubles. A silver ruble was considered a monetary unit in the country, containing 18 g of pure silver. A sample in the country opens off offices of the department of the State Bank. They were engaged in lending to trade and industrial firms, accepted deposits and opened current accounts.

The building of the office of the State Bank in Rostov-on-Don. Part of the revenue received was directed to the construction of railways. The building of the Ryazan branch of the State Bank. The building of the Irkutsk branch of the State Bank.

Up to a year, Evgeny Ivanovich Lamansky - the state bank manager in the years, the State Bank begins to issue loans to institutions of small loan, whose borrowers were peasants and artisans. Considerable attention is paid to industrial loans aimed at developing small and medium -sized industry and trade. The building of the Moscow Office of the State Bank in the Neglin passage. Sergey Yulievich Witte, Minister of Finance of the Russian Empire - years, initiator of cash circulation reforms and the state bank state credit ticket five rubles with facsimil signatures of the state bank manager E.

The sample completed the monetary reform, begun in the year. The gold standard was introduced into the monetary circulation. The ruble was assigned a conditional gold content of 0.77 g of pure gold. The state bank begins to exchange credit tickets for a gold coin and receives the right to issue paper money. A furnace for burning dilapidated credit tickets in the courtyard of the building of the State Bank in St.

Petersburg. A postcard of the beginning of the twentieth century. Thanks to the support of the State Bank, its banks and enterprises avoided bankruptcy. Postcard. It included all the largest banks in Moscow and Moscow branches of St. Petersburg banks. The purpose of the unification is to help Russian trade and industrial firms faced with difficulties due to the revolutionary events of the year.

However, only unmarried women received permission and exclusively "free hire." The bill for the sale and transfer of foreign currency, written out by the St. Petersburg Office of the State Bank. For its promotion, campaign posters and postcards are produced, to the creation of which talented artists are involved: Richard Zarrin Zarin, Alfred Eberling, Efim Cheptsov and others.

The campaign card of the year’s military loan, published by the State Bank, the campaign postcard of a military loan of the year, published by the State Bank on October 25, November 7, Bolsheviks occupied the building of the State Bank in Petrograd. Bank officials and employees who did not recognize the new government declared a strike. In November, the State Bank in Petrograd passed into the hands of the Bolsheviks.

After the adoption in December the decree on the nationalization of banks, banking was declared by the state monopoly. Then a decree on the audit of banking safe was adopted. The seized gold in coins and ingots was subject to confiscation and transfer to the national gold fund. On the basis of the state bank controlled by the Bolsheviks, its offices and branches in April, the People’s Bank of the Russian Soviet Republic was created as part of the People's Commissariat of Finance.

Its main function was the emission of paper banknotes and their delivery to places.With the adoption of the decree “On compliance with the unity of the cash register”, Soviet institutions and organizations were obliged to store all money and values ​​in the People’s Bank or the State Treasury. A decree on the merger of treasury with institutions of the People’s Bank has been adopted.

It was organized with "the goal of contributing to credit and other banking operations to develop industry, agriculture and trade, as well as with the aim of concentrating cash flow and other measures aimed at establishing the right monetary circulation." With the adoption of the decree “On transactions with foreign currency and precious metals”, the external calculation function was entrusted to the State Bank.

He had to install official courses for precious metals and foreign currency. One ruble of a sample of the year was equated with 10 rubles by bills of previous issues, including royal money. A new -sample cash tickets have been approved. One ruble of the year was equated with rubles of a sample of the year. The coinage of the Soviet gold coin began - a chervonets.

One gold chervonets contained 7.74 g of pure gold - as much as the former royal ruble gold coin. Treasury tickets of 1, 3 and 5 rubles in gold were released. One ruble with gold was equated with 50 rubles with Soviet cash signs of a sample of the year. The Soviet Chervonets began to quarrel on foreign exchanges in gold parity. The regulation on bills that become an important lending tool at the State Bank has been approved.

They were widely used by industry and trade enterprises. The bank entrusts the regulation of monetary circulation and short -term lending in accordance with the general plan for the development of the national economy of the USSR. Commercial loan was eliminated, including bill circulation. The state bank becomes a single center of short -term lending and the settlement center for the national economy.

The State Bank was transferred to the lending of agriculture. Kalmanovich, members of the board of Arkus and L. Maryasin, the State Bank begins to control the expenditure of funds for the payment of wages to enterprises and organizations in the USSR. The State Bank is entrusted with the organization of buying, acceptance and storage of precious metals and foreign currency.

The exchange rate of foreign currencies at the State Bank is established on the basis of a ratio of 5 rubles 30 kopecks per 1 US dollar. They provided military units in cash, led their calculation cash services including military trade enterprises of the army, accepted and issued deposits. They obeyed the command of military formations, and their operational work was led by the State Bank.

The USSR State Bank created the Office of Field Institutions, which was responsible for the cash and estimated service of the army. In the initial period of the war, the main task of field institutions was to ensure cash troops. A lot of work has been done to organize and restore the network of offices and departments in the liberated areas. Significant financial support was found out to state farms and collective farms, who resumed their activities in the liberated and front -line territories.

The monetary circulation over the years of the war increased almost four times in the circulation, money was issued by 54.5 billion rubles, and the commodity circulation was reduced by about three times. The Soviet Chervonets is withdrawn from the appeal. Buildings by the dignity of 10, 25, 50 and rubles are officially called tickets to the State Bank of the USSR. About a year approved the new charter of the State Bank.

Its role is indicated as a single emission bank, a short -term lending bank and the settlement center of the USSR. The ruble exchange rate in the US dollar is set in 4 rubles. The goals of its activities were the growth of production, trade and accumulation, the implementation of economic plans subject to the regime of savings, strengthening monetary circulation, and the development of the production of widespread consumption.

A reorganization of the credit system of the USSR was carried out. The agricultural bank, the banking and housing construction bank Tsekombank and communal banks were abolished, and their operations were transferred to the State Bank of the USSR and created by the All -Union Bank for Financing Capital investments of the construction of the USSR. The educational poster The fragment adopted a new charter of the State Bank, which secured the functions of lending to the national economy, the emission and settlement center of the country.

Banks in a socialist society. Training poster Fragment. The old banknotes exchanged for new in the ratio of the gold content of the ruble is installed in about 1 g of pure gold. The exchange rate of the American currency amounted to 90 kopecks for 1 US dollar. The economist of the Arkhangelsk regional office of the USSR State Bank goes to Severodvinsk by helicopter for the exchange of money for new, sample of the year.

The International Bank of Economic Cooperation was organized for short -term lending to socialist countries and settlements between them. Its task is to achieve the economic efficiency of production. The USSR State Bank presented the program of its actions aimed at ensuring economic growth.Calculations and payment orders are widespread. Its role was confirmed by the Role of the Unified Emissive Bank, the Bank for Lending the National Economy and the Country Center of the country.

New specialized banks are reorganized.